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1893The Scale of Wisdom A Compendium of shia Hadith
۱۸۹۳ - ما يوجِبُ تَسَلُّطَ وُلاةِ السَّوءِ
۱۸۹۳. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT THE REIGN OF EVIL RULERS
(إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُغَيِّرُ مَا بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّى يُغَيِّرُوا مَا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَإِذَا أَرادَ اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ سُوءاً فَلَا مَرَدَّ لَهُ وَمَا لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ وَالٍ) .۱
"Indeed Allah does not change a people's lot, unless they change what is in their souls. And when Allah wishes to visit ill on a people, there is nothing that can avert it, and they have no protector besides Him." ۲
۶۷۷۸.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : قالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّوجلَّ : إذا عَصاني مِن خَلقي مَن يَعرِفُني سَلَّطتُ علَيهِ مِن خَلقي مَن لا يَعرِفُني .۳
۶۷۷۸.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah Almighty has said, 'If one of My creation who knows Me disobeys Me, I will cause one of My creation who does not know Me to reign over him.' ۴
۶۷۷۹.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : كَما تَكُونوا يُوَلّى علَيكُم .۵
۶۷۷۹.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'As you are, so shall you be ruled.' ۶
۶۷۸۰.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - وهُو يُوَبِّخُ أصحابَهُ - : أما والّذي نَفسي بِيَدِهِ لَيَظهَرَنَّ هؤلاءِ القَومُ علَيكُم ، لَيس لأنّهُم أولى بِالحَقِّ مِنكُم ، ولكنْ لإسراعِهِم إلى باطِلِ صاحِبِهِم (باطِلِهِم) ، وإبطائكُم عَن حَقِّي .۷
۶۷۸۰. Imam Ali (AS), censuring his companions said, 'Verily by He who owns my soul, this group will take control of you, not because they are more rightful than you, but because of their hastening to the wrongfulness of their leader and your slowness at upholding my right.' ۸
(اُنظر) الفساد : باب ۱۴۸۰ ؛ المعروف (۲) : باب ۱۲۸۷ .
(See also: CORRUPTION: section ۱۴۸۰; ENJOINING GOOD AND PROHIBITING WRONG: section ۱۲۸۷)
1.الرعد : ۱۱ .
2.Quran ۱۳:۶۱
3.كتاب من لا يحضره الفقيه : ۴ / ۴۰۴ / ۵۸۷۱ .
4.al-Faqih, v. ۴, p. ۴۰۴, no. ۵۸۷۱
5.كنز العمّال : ۱۴۹۷۲ .
6.Kanz al-Ummal, no. ۱۴۹۷۲
7.نهج البلاغة : الخطبة ۹۷ .
8.Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon ۹۷
The Scale of Wisdom A Compendium of shia Hadith1892
۴۱۵ - الوِلاية
۴۱۵. AUTHORITY
۱۸۹۲ - وُجوبُ طاعَةِ وُلاةِ الأمرِ مِن قِبَلِ اللَّهِ
۱۸۹۲. THE NECESSITY OF OBEYING THOSE VESTED WITH AUTHORITY BY ALLAH
(يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنْ تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلاً) .۱
"O you who have faith! Obey Allah and obey the Apostle and those vested with authority among you. And if you dispute concerning anything, refer it to Allah and the Apostle, if you have faith in Allah and the Last Day. That is better and more favourable in outcome." ۲
۶۷۷۷.كمال الدين عن جابرٍ الجُعفيِّ : سمعتُ جابرَ بنَ عبدِ اللَّهِ الأنصاريّ يقول : لَمّا أنزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّوجلَّ على نَبيِّهِ محمّدٍ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : (أطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وأطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ واُولي الأمْرِ مِنْكُم) قلتُ : يا رسولَ اللَّهِ ، عَرَفْنا اللَّهَ ورَسولَهُ ، فمَن اُولو الأمرِ الّذينَ قَرَنَ اللَّهُ طاعَتَهُم بطاعَتِكَ ؟
فقالَ عليه السلام : هُم خُلَفائي ياجابِرُ ، وأئمَّةُ المُسلِمينَ مِن بَعدي ، أوَّلُهُم عليُّ بنُ أبي طالِبٍ ، ثُمَّ الحَسَنُ ، و الحُسَينُ ، ثمّ عليّ بن الحسين ، ثمّ محمّد بن عليّ المعروف في التوراة بالباقر . . . ثمّ الصّادق جعفر بن محمّد ، ثمّ عليّ بن موسى ، ثمّ موسى بن جعفر ، ثمّ محمّد بن علي ، ثمّ عليّ بن محمّد ، ثمّ الحسن بن عليّ ، ثمّ سمييّ وكنيي حجّة اللَّه في أرضه وبقيّته في عباده ابن الحسن بن عليّ... .۳
۶۷۷۷. Jabir b. Abdullah al-Ansari said, 'When Allah revealed the verse: "Obey Allah and obey the Apostle and those vested with authority among you..." onto His Prophet Muhammad (SAWA) I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, we know Allah and His Messenger, but who are those vested with authority that Allah has associated their obedience with your obedience?' He (SAWA) said, 'O Jabir, they are my successors and the leaders of the Muslims after me. The first of them is Ali b. Abu Talib, then Hasan, then Husayn, then Ali b. al-Husayn then Muhammad b, Ali that is known in Torah as al-Baqir then al-Sadiq, Ja'far b. Muhammad then Musa b.Ja'far then Ali b. Musa then Muhammad b, Ali then Ali b.Muhammad then Hassan b. Ali then my namesake and he whose nickname is as mine ,the proof of Allah on His earth and His remainder among His servants the son of Hassan b. Ali....' ۴
1.النساء : ۵۹ .
2.Quran ۴:۵۹
3.كمال الدين : ۲۵۳ / ۳ .
4.Kamal al-Din, p. ۲۵۳, no. ۳
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1895The Scale of Wisdom A Compendium of shia Hadith
۱۸۹۵ - وُلاةُ الجَورِ
۱۸۹۵. TYRANNICAL RULERS
۶۷۸۲.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَن وَلِيَ مِن أمرِ المُسلِمينَ شيئاً فغَشَّهُم فهُو في النّارِ .۱
۶۷۸۲.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever takes up rule of any of the affairs of the Muslims and deceives them then he is in Hell.' ۲
۶۷۸۳.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : سَبُعٌ أكُولٌ حَطُومٌ خَيرٌ مِن والٍ ظَلُومٍ غَشُومٍ .۳
۶۷۸۳.Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A ferocious and brutal predator is better than an oppressive and unjust ruler.' ۴
۶۷۸۴.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : شَرُّ الوُلاةِ مَن يَخافُهُ البَريءُ.۵
۶۷۸۴.Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The worst of rulers is he whom even the innocent fear.' ۶
۶۷۸۵.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: مَن جارَت وِلايَتُهُ زالَت دَولَتُهُ .۷
۶۷۸۵.Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose rule is oppressive, his government will fall apart.' ۸
1.الترغيب والترهيب : ۳ / ۱۷۶ / ۴۰ .
2.al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. ۳, p. ۱۷۶, no. ۴۰
3.غرر الحكم : ۵۶۲۶ .
4.Ghurar al Hikam, no. ۵۶۲۶
5.غرر الحكم : ۵۶۸۷ .
6.Ibid. no. ۵۶۸۷
7.غرر الحكم : ۸۳۶۵ .
8.Ibid. no. ۸۳۶۵
The Scale of Wisdom A Compendium of shia Hadith1894
۱۸۹۴ - وُلاةُ العَدلِ
۱۸۹۴. JUST RULERS
۶۷۸۱.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن تَوَلّى أمراً مِن اُمورِ النّاسِ فعَدَلَ وفَتَحَ بابَهُ ورَفَعَ شَرَّهُ ونَظَرَ في اُمورِ النّاسِ ، كانَ حَقّاً علَى اللَّهِ عَزَّوجلَّ أن يُؤمِنَ رَوعَتَهُ يَومَ القِيامَةِ ويُدخِلَهُ الجَنَّةَ .۱
۶۷۸۱.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'He who takes control of any of the affairs of people, and is just, opens his door to people, eradicates evil, and examines the affairs of people, it becomes the right of Allah to save him from fear on the Day of Judgment and make him enter Heaven.' ۲
1.بحار الأنوار : ۷۵ / ۳۴۰ / ۱۸ .
2.Bihar al-Anwar, v. ۷۵, p. ۳۴۰, no. ۱۸
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1897The Scale of Wisdom A Compendium of shia Hadith
۱۸۹۷ - أهَمُّ مايَجِبُ عَلَى الوالي في وِلايَتِهِ
۱۸۹۷. THE MOST IMPORTANT THING A RULER NEEDS IN HIS RULE
۶۷۸۹.الإمامُ الصّادق عليه السلام : قالَ أميرُ المؤمنينَ عليه السلام لِعُمرَ بنِ الخَطّابِ : ثَلاثٌ إن حَفِظتَهُنَّ وعَمِلتَ بِهِنَّ كَفَتكَ ماسِواهُنَّ ، وإن تَرَكتَهُنَّ لَم يَنفَعْكَ شيءٌ سِواهُنَّ . قالَ : وما هُنَّ يا أباالحَسَنِ ؟ قالَ : إقامَةُ الحُدودِ علَى القَريبِ والبَعيدِ ، والحُكمُ بكِتابِ اللَّهِ في الرِّضا والسُّخطِ ، والقَسْمُ بِالعَدلِ بَينَ الأحمَرِ والأسوَدِ . فقالَ لَهُ عُمَر : لَعَمري لَقَد أوجَزتَ وأبلَغتَ .۱
۶۷۸۹. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said: Imam Ali (AS) said to Umar b. al-Khattab, 'There are three things which if you observe and act in accordance with, they will suffice you in everything else, and if you abandon them, nothing else will benefit you other than them.' Umar asked, 'What are they Abu al-Hasan?' He (AS) said, 'The observance of penalties for the close and the distant, ruling according to the Book of Allah, be it with acceptance or discontentment, and to divide fairly between the black and the red.' Umar said, 'By my life, you have summarised and explained [everything].' ۲
۶۷۹۰.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - مِن كِتابِهِ للأشتَرِ لَمّا وَلّاهُ مِصرَ - : وأشعِرْ قَلبَكَ الرَّحمَةَ لِلرَّعِيَّةِ ، والمَحَبَّة لَهُم ، واللُّطفَ بِهِم ، ولاتَكونَنَّ علَيهِم سَبُعاً ضارِياً تَغتَنِمُ أكلَهُم ؛ فإنَّهُم صِنفانِ : إمّا أخٌ لَكَ في الدِّينِ ، أو نَظيرٌ لَكَ في الخَلقِ ، يَفرُطُ مِنهُمُ الزَّلَلُ ، وتَعرِضُ لَهُمُ العِلَلُ ، ويُؤتى على أيديهِم في العَمدِ والخَطأِ ، فأعطِهِم مِن عَفوِكَ وصَفحِكَ مِثلَ الّذي تُحِبُّ وتَرضى أن يُعطِيَكَ اللَّهُ مِن عَفوِهِ وصَفحِهِ ، فإنَّكَ فَوقَهُم ، وَوالِي الأمرِ علَيكَ فَوقَكَ ، واللَّهُ فَوقَ مَن وَلّاكَ !۳
۶۷۹۰. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, 'Habituate your heart to mercy for the subjects and to affection and kindness for them. Do not stand over them like greedy beasts who seeks to devour them, since they are of two kinds, either your brother in religion or one like you in creation. They will commit slips and encounter mistakes. They may act wrongly, wilfully or by neglect. So extend to them your forgiveness and pardon, in the same way as you would like Allah to extend His forgiveness and pardon to you, because you have authority over them, and your responsible Commander (Imam) has authority over you, while Allah has authority over he who has appointed you.' ۴
۶۷۹۱.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - مِن كِتابِهِ للأشتَرِ لَمّا وَلّاهُ مِصرَ - : ولْيَكُن أحَبَّ الاُمورِ إلَيكَ أوسَطُها في الحَقِّ ، وأعَمُّها في العَدِل ، وأجمَعُها لرِضا الرَّعِيَّةِ ؛ فإنَّ سُخطَ العامَّةِ يُجحِفُ برِضا الخاصَّةِ ، وإنَّ سُخطَ الخاصَّةِ يُغتَفَرُ مَع رِضا العامَّةَ . ولَيسَ أحَدٌ مِن الرَّعِيَّةِ أثقَلَ علَى الوالِي مَؤونَةً في الرَّخاء ، وأقَلَّ مَعونَةً لَهُ في البَلاءِ ، وأكرَهَ للإنصافِ ، وأسألَ بالإلحافِ ، وأقَلَّ شُكراً عِندَ الإعطاءِ ، وأبَطأ عُذراً عِندَ المَنعِ ، وأضعَفَ صَبراً عِندَ مُلِمّاتِ الدَّهرِ ، مِن أهلِ الخاصَّةِ . وإنّما عِمادُ الدِّينِ وجِماعُ المُسلمينَ والعُدَّةُ للأعداءِ : العامَّةُ مِن الاُمَّةِ ، فلْيَكُنْ صِغوُكَ لَهُم ، ومَيلُكَ مَعهُم .۵
۶۷۹۱. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, 'The way most coveted by you should be that which is the most equitable for the truth, the most universal by way of justice, and the most comprehensive with regard to the agreement among those under you, because the disagreement among the common people sweeps away the arguments of the chiefs while the disagreement among the chiefs can be disregarded when compared to the agreement of the common people. No one among those under you is more burdensome to the ruler in the comfort of life, less helpful in distress, more disliking of equitable treatment, more importunate in asking favours, least thankful when given, least accepting of excuses when refused, and weakest in endurance at the time of discomforts in life than the chiefs. It is the common people of the community who are the pillars of religion, the power of the Muslims and the defence against the enemies. Your leanings should therefore be towards them and your inclination with them.' ۶
۶۷۹۲.الإمامُ الصّادق عليه السلام : ثَلاثَةٌ تَجِبُ على السُّلطانِ لِلخاصَّةِ والعامَّةِ : مُكافأةُ المُحسِنِ بالإحسانِ لِيَزدادُوا رَغبَةً فيهِ ، وتَغَمُّدُ ذُنوبِ المُسيءِ لِيَتُوبَ ويَرجِعَ عَن غَيِّهِ (عَتبِهِ) ، وتَألُّفُهُم جَميعاً بالإحسانِ والإنصافِ .۷
۶۷۹۲.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There are three things that are obligatory for a governor, both towards the elite and the general public: rewarding the good-doer with goodness so that he increases in his desire to perform it, forgiving the sins of the wrongful so that he can repent and return from his rebellion, and encompassing all people with goodness and fairness.' ۸
(اُنظر) عنوان ۱۳۹ «المداراة» .
(See also: AMICABLENESS ۱۳۹)
1.تهذيب الأحكام : ۶ / ۲۲۷ / ۵۴۷ .
2.al-Tahdhib, v. ۶, p. ۲۲۷, no. ۵۴۷
3.نهج البلاغة : الكتاب ۵۳ .
4.Nahj al-Balagha, Letter ۵۳
5.نهج البلاغة: الكتاب۵۳ .
6.Ibid. Letter ۵۳
7.تحف العقول : ۳۱۹ .
8.Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. ۳۱۹
The Scale of Wisdom A Compendium of shia Hadith1896
۱۸۹۶ - ما يَجِبُ عَلَى الوالي في نَفسِهِ
۱۸۹۶. WHAT IS OBLIGATORY FOR THE RULER WITH REGARD TO HIMSELF
۶۷۸۶.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - مِن كِتابِهِ للأشتَرِ لَمّا وَلّاهُ مِصرَ - : إنّما يُستَدَلُّ علَى الصّالِحينَ بِما يُجري اللَّهُ لَهُم على ألسُنِ عِبادِهِ ، فلْيَكُن أحَبَّ الذَّخائرِ إلَيكَ ذَخيرَةُ العَمَلِ الصّالِحِ ، فاملِكْ هَواكَ ، وشُحَّ بِنَفسِكَ عَمّا لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ ؛ فإنَّ الشُّحَّ بِالنَّفسِ الإنصافُ مِنها فيما أحَبَّت أو كَرِهَت .۱
۶۷۸۶. Imam Ali (AS), in his lettter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, 'Surely the virtuous are known by the reputation that Allah circulates for them through the tongues of His creatures. Threfore, the best collection with you should be the collection of good deeds. So control your passions and deprive your heart from doing what is not lawful for you, because depriving the heart means detaining it just half way between what it likes and dislikes.' ۲
۶۷۸۷.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - أيضاً - : أنصِفِ اللَّهَ وأنصِفِ النّاسَ مِن نَفِسكَ ، ومِن خاصَّةِ أهلِكَ ، ومَن لَكَ فيهِ هَوىً مِن رَعِيَّتِكَ ؛ فإنَّكَ إلّا تَفعَلْ تَظلِمْ .۳
۶۷۸۷. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, 'Be just to Allah and do justice towards the people, as against yourself, your near ones and those of your subjects for whom you have a liking, because if you do not do so, you will be oppressive.' ۴
۶۷۸۸.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - أيضاً - : وإيّاكَ والإعْجابَ بِنَفسِكَ ، والثِّقَةَ بما يُعجِبُكَ مِنها ، وحُبَّ الإطراءِ ؛ فإنّ ذلكَ مِن أوثَقِ فُرَصِ الشَّيطانِ في نَفسِهِ لِيَمحَقَ مايَكونُ مِن إحسانِ المُحسِنينَ .۵
۶۷۸۸. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, 'Beware of self-admiration, having reliance in what appears good in yourself and love of exaggerated praise because this is one of the most reliable opportunities for Satan to obliterate the good deeds of the virtuous.' ۶
1.نهج البلاغة : الكتاب ۵۳ .
2.Nahj al-Balagha, Letter ۵۳
3.نهج البلاغة : الكتاب ۵۳ .
4.Ibid. Letter ۵۳
5.نهج البلاغة : الكتاب ۵۳ .
6.Ibid. Letter ۵۳
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۱۸۹۹ - عَدمُ الإحتِجابِ
۱۸۹۹. TO NOT SECLUDE ONESELF [AWAY FROM ONE'S SUBJECTS]
۶۷۹۸.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - من كِتابِهِ للأشتَرِ لَمّا وَلّاهُ مِصرَ - : فلا تُطَوِّلَنَّ احتِجابَكَ عَن رَعِيَّتِكَ ، فإنَّ احتِجابَ الوُلاةِ عَن الرَّعِيَّةِ شُعبَةٌ مِن الضِّيقِ ، وقِلَّةُ عِلمٍ بالاُمورِ ، والاحتِجابُ مِنهُم يَقطَعُ عَنهُم عِلمَ ما احتَجَبوا دُونَهُ ، فيَصغُرُ عِندَهُمُ الكَبيرُ ، ويَعظُمُ الصَّغيرُ ، ويَقبُحُ الحَسَنُ ، ويَحسُنُ القَبيحُ ، ويُشابُ الحَقُّ بِالباطِلِ ... .۱
۶۷۹۸. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, 'Do not keep yourself secluded from the people for a long time, because the seclusion of those in authority from the subjects is a kind of narrow-sightedness and causes ignorance about their affairs. Seclusion from them also prevents them from the knowledge of those things which they are unaware of and as a result they begin to regard big matters as small and small matters as big, good matters as bad and bad matters as good, while the truth becomes confused with falsehood.' ۲
۶۷۹۹.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : مَن تَولّى أمراً مِن اُمورِ النّاسِ ، فعَدَلَ ، وفَتَحَ بابَهُ ، ورَفَعَ سِترَهُ ، ونَظَرَ في اُمورِ النّاسِ ، كانَ حَقّاً علَى اللَّهِ أن يُؤمِنَ رَوعَتَهُ يَومَ القِيامَةِ ويُدخِلَهُ الجَنَّةَ .۳
۶۷۹۹.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever takes up any of the affairs of people and is just, opens his door, uncovers his veils, and fulfils the needs of people, it will become the right of Allah to save him from fear on the Day of Judgment and make him enter Heaven.' ۴
1.نهج البلاغة : الكتاب ۵۳ .
2.Ibid. Letter ۵۳
3.تنبيه الخواطر : ۲ / ۱۶۵ .
4.Tanbih al-Khawatir,v. ۲, p. ۱۶۵
The Scale of Wisdom A Compendium of shia Hadith1898
۱۸۹۸ - ما يَجِبُ عَلَى الوالي في استِعمالِ العُمّالِ
۱۸۹۸. WHAT IS OBLIGATORY FOR THE RULER WHEN EMPLOYING WORKERS
۶۷۹۳.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : مَنِ استَعمَلَ رجُلاً مِن عِصابَةٍ ، وفِيهِم مَن هُو أرضى للَّهِ مِنهُ ، فَقَد خانَ اللَّهَ ورَسولَهُ والمُؤمنينَ .۱
۶۷۹۳.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever employs a worker from a group wherein someone else is more content with Allah than him [the person he chose], then he has betrayed Allah, His Messenger and the believers.' ۲
۶۷۹۴.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنّا واللَّهِ لانُوَلِّي على هذا العَمَلِ أحَداً سَألَهُ ، ولا أحَداً حَرَصَ علَيهِ .۳
۶۷۹۴.The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'By Allah, we do not appoint for this work someone who has asked for it, nor someone who is avidly eager for it.' ۴
۶۷۹۵.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لِعَبدِ الرَّحمنِ بنِ سَمُرَةَ - : يا عبدَالرَّحمنِ بنَ سَمُرَةَ ، لاتَسألِ الإمارَةَ ؛ فإنَّكَ إذا اُعطِيتَها عَن مَسألَةٍ وُكِلتَ فيها إلى نَفسِكَ ، وإنْ اُعطِيتَها عَن غَيرِ مَسألَةٍ اُعِنتَ علَيها .۵
۶۷۹۵. The Prophet (SAWA) said to Abd al-Rahman b. Samura, 'O Abd al-Rahman b. Samura, do not ask for authority, for if you were to be given it by asking for it, then you will be entrusted with it to your own self [and held accountable], and if you are given it without having asked for it, then you will be helped with it.' ۶
۶۷۹۶.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - فيما كَتبَ للأشتَرِ لمَّا وَلّاهُ مِصرَ - : ثُمّ انظُرْ في اُمورِ عُمّالِكَ ، فاستَعمِلْهُمُ اختِباراً ، ولا تُوَلِّهِم مُحاباةً وأثَرَةً ؛ فإنَّهُما جِماعٌ مِن شُعَبِ الجَورِ والخِيانَةِ . وتَوَخَّ مِنهُم أهلَ التَّجرِبَةِ والحَياءِ مِن أهلِ البُيوتاتِ الصّالِحَةِ ، والقَدَمِ في الإسلامِ المُتَقَدِّمَةِ .۷
۶۷۹۶. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, 'Thereafter, look into the affairs of your executives. Give them appointment after tests and do not appoint them according to partiality or favouritism, because these two things constitute the sources of injustice and unfairness. Select from among them those who are people of experience and modesty, hailing from virtuous houses, having preceded in [embracing] Islam.' ۸
۶۷۹۷.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - مِن كِتابِهِ للأشتَرِ لَمّا وَلّاهُ مِصرَ - : ثُمّ تَفَقَّدْ أعمالَهُم ، وابعَثِ العُيونَ۹مِن أهلِ الصِّدقِ والوَفاءِ علَيهِم ، فإنَّ تَعاهُدَكَ في السِّرِّ لاُمورِهِم حَدوَةٌ لَهُم۱۰على استِعمالِ الأمانَةِ ، والرِّفقِ بِالرَّعِيَّةِ .
وتَحَفَّظْ مِن الأعوانِ ، فإن أحَدٌ مِنهُم بَسَطَ يَدَهُ إلى خِيانَةٍ اجتَمَعَت بِها علَيهِ عِندَكَ أخبارُ عُيونِكَ ، اكتَفَيتَ بذلكَ شاهِداً ، فبَسَطتَ علَيهِ العُقوبَةَ في بَدَنِهِ ، وأخَذتَهُ بما أصابَ مِن عَمَلِهِ ، ثُمّ نَصَبتَهُ بمَقامِ المَذَلَّةِ ، ووَسَمتَهُ بِالخِيانَةِ ، وقَلَّدتَهُ عارَ التُّهَمَةِ .۱۱
۶۷۹۷. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, 'Then you should check their activities and have people report on them, who should be truthful and faithful, because your watching their actions secretly will urge them to preserve trust with and be kind to the people. Be careful of assistants. If any one of them extends his hands towards misappropriation and the reports of your reporters reaching you confirm it, they should be regarded as enough evidence. You should then inflict corporal punishment on him and recover what he has misappropriated. You should put him in a place of disgrace, blacklist him with [the charge of] misappropriation and make him wear the necklace of shame for his offence.' ۱۲
1.. الترغيب والترهيب: ۳ / ۱۷۹ / ۱ .
2.al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. ۳, p. ۱۷۹, no. ۱
3.صحيح مسلم : ۳ / ۱۴۵۶ / ۱۴ .
4.Sahih Muslim, v. ۳, p. ۱۴۵۶, no. ۱۴
5.سنن أبي داوود : ۳ / ۱۳۰ / ۲۹۲۹ .
6.Sunan Abi Dawud, no. ۲۹۲۹
7.نهج البلاغة : الكتاب ۵۳ .
8.Nahj al-Balagha, Letter ۵۳
9.العَين : الذي يُبعَث ليتجسّس الخبر (لسان العرب : ۱۳ / ۳۰۱) .
10.تحدوني : تبعثني وتسوقني، وهو من حَدْو الإبل فإنّه من أكبر الأشياء على سوقها (النهاية : ۱ / ۳۵۵) .
11.نهج البلاغة : الكتاب ۵۳ .
12.Ibid. Letter ۵۳
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1901The Scale of Wisdom A Compendium of shia Hadith
۱۹۰۱ - خَصائِصُ أولياءِ اللَّهِ
۱۹۰۱. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FRIENDS OF ALLAH
(أَلَا إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ * الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَكَانُوا يَتَّقُونَ) .۱
"Look! The friends of Allah will indeed have no fear nor will they grieve. Those who have faith, and are Godwary." ۲
۶۸۰۲.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنّ أولياءَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الذينَ نَظَروا إلى باطِنِ الدُّنيا إذا نَظَرَ النّاسُ إلى ظاهِرِها ، واشتَغَلوا بآجِلِها إذا اشتَغَلَ النّاسُ بعاجِلِها ، فأماتُوا مِنها ما خَشَوا أن يُميتَهُم ، وتَرَكوا مِنها ما عَلِموا أنّهُ سَيَترُكُهُم ، وَرأوا استِكثارَ غَيرِهِم مِنها استِقلالاً ، وَدَركَهُم لَها فَوتاً ، أعداءُ ما سالَمَ النّاسُ ، وسِلمُ ما عادَى النّاسُ ! بِهِم عُلِمَ الكِتابُ وبِهِ عَلِموا ، وبِهِم قامَ الكِتابُ وبهِ قاموا ، لا يَرَونَ مَرجُوّاً فَوقَ ما يَرجُونَ ، ولا مَخُوفاً فَوقَ ما يَخافونَ .۳
۶۸۰۲.Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The friends of Allah are those who look at the inward aspect of the world while the other people look at its outer aspect; they busy themselves with its remoter benefits while the other people busy themselves in the immediate benefits. They kill those things which they fear would have killed them, and they abandon here in this world what they believe would abandon them. They take the amassing of wealth by others as a small matter and regard it as a loss. They are enemies of those things which others love while they love things which others hate. Through them the Qur'an has been learnt and they have been given knowledge through the Qur'an. With them the Qur'an is staying while they stand by the Qur'an. They do not see any object of hope above what they hope in and no object of fear above what they fear.' ۴
۶۸۰۳.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : يا أبا بَصيرٍ ، طُوبى لِشِيعَةِ قائمِنا المُنتَظِرِينَ لِظُهورِهِ في غَيبَتِهِ ، والمُطيعينَ لَهُ في ظُهورِهِ ، اُولئكَ أولِياءُ اللَّهِ الّذينَ لا خَوفٌ علَيهِم ولا هُم يَحزَنونَ .۵
۶۸۰۳.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'O Abu Basir, blessed be the followers [Shia] of our Awaited Saviour [Qaim] who wait for his appearance during his occultation, and obey him when he reappears. They are the friends of Allah who indeed have no fear nor will they grieve.' ۶
(اُنظر) الإيمان : باب ۱۹۰ ؛ التقوى : باب ۱۸۶۷ .
(See also: faith ,secton ۱۹۰, Godwariness section ۱۸۶۷)
1.يونس : ۶۲ ، ۶۳ .
2.Quran ۱۰:۶۲,۶۳
3.نهج البلاغة : الحكمة ۴۳۲ .
4.Nahj al-Balagha, Saying ۴۳۲
5.كمال الدين : ۳۵۷ / ۵۴ .
6.Kamal al-Din, p. ۳۵۷, no. ۵۴
The Scale of Wisdom A Compendium of shia Hadith1900
۱۹۰۰ - وُجوبُ اهِتمامِ الوالي بِالمُستَضعَفينَ
۱۹۰۰. THE OBLIGATION UPON THE RULER TO GIVE IMPORTANCE TO THE ABASED
۶۸۰۰.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - مِن كِتابِهِ للأشتَرِ لَمّا وَلّاهُ مِصرَ - : ... ثُمَّ اللَّهَ اللَّهَ في الطَّبَقَةِ السُّفلى مِنَ الّذينَ لا حِيلَةَ لَهُم ، مِن المَساكينِ والمُحتاجِينَ وأهلِ البُؤْسى والزَّمنى ، فإنَّ في هذهِ الطَّبَقَةِ قانِعاً ومُعتَرّاً ، واحفَظْ للَّهِ ما استَحفَظَكَ مِن حَقِّهِ فيِهم، واجعَلْ لَهُم قِسْماً مِن بَيتِ مالِكَ ...
وتَفَقَّدْ اُمورَ مَن لايَصِلُ إلَيكَ مِنهُم مِمَّن تَقتَحِمُهُ العُيونُ ، وتَحقِرُهُ الرِّجالُ ، ففَرِّغْ لاُولئكَ ثِقَتَكَ مِن أهلِ الخَشيَةِ والتَّواضُعِ ، فلْيَرفَعْ إلَيكَ اُمورَهُم ، ثُمّ اعمَلْ فيهِم بالإعذارِ إلَى اللَّهِ يَومَ تَلقاهُ ؛ فإنَّ هؤلاءِ مِن بَينِ الرَّعِيَّةِ أحوَجُ إلَى الإنصافِ مِن غَيرِهِم ، وكلٌّ فأعذِرْ إلَى اللَّهِ في تَأدِيَةِ حَقِّهِ إلَيهِ .۱
۶۸۰۰. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, '[Fear] Allah and keep Allah in view with respect to the lowest class, consisting of those who have few means: the poor, the destitute, the penniless and the disabled; because in this class are both the discontented and those who beg. Take care, for the sake of Allah, of His obligations for which He has made you responsible. Fix for them a share from the public treasury... Take care of the affairs of those of them who do not approach you because they are of unsightly appearance or those whom people regard as low. Appoint for them some trusted people who are God-fearing and humble. They should inform you of these people's conditions. Then deal with them with a sense of responsibility to Allah on the Day you will meet Him, because of all the subjects, these people are the most deserving of equitable treatment, while for others also you should fulfil their rights so as to render account to Allah.' ۲
۶۸۰۱.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام - أيضاً - : واجعَل لِذَوي الحاجاتِ مِنكَ قِسماً تُفَرِّغُ لَهُم فيهِ شَخصَكَ ، وتَجلِسُ لَهُم مَجلِساً عامّاً ، فتَتَواضَعُ فيهِ للَّهِ الّذي خَلَقَكَ ، وتُقعِدَ عَنهُم جُندَكَ وأعوانَكَ مِن أحراسِكَ وشُرَطِكَ ، حتّى يُكَلِّمَكَ مُتَكلِّمُهُم غَيرَ مُتَتَعتِعٍ ؛ فإنّي سَمِعتُ رسولَ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله يَقولُ في غَيرِ مَوطِنٍ : لَن تُقَدَّسَ اُمَّةٌ لا يُؤخَذُ لِلضَّعيفِ فِيها حَقُّهُ مِن القَوِيِّ غَيرَ مُتَتَعتِعٍ .
ثُمّ احتَمِلِ الخُرقَ مِنهُم والعِيَّ ، ونَحِّ عَنهُمُ الضِّيقَ والأنَفَ ... .۳
۶۸۰۱. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed him governor of Egypt, said, 'And fix a time for the plaintiffs wherein you make yourself free for them, and sit for them in common audience and feel humble therein for the sake of Allah Who created you. [On that occasion] you should keep away your army and your assistants such as the guards and the police so that anyone who would like to speak may speak to you without fear, because I have heard the Messenger of Allah (SAWA) say in more than one place, 'The people among whom the right of the weak is not secured from the strong without fear will never achieve purity.' Tolerate their awkwardness and inability to speak. Keep away narrowness and haughtiness from yourself...' ۴
1.نهج البلاغة : الكتاب ۵۳ .
2.Ibid. Letter ۵۳
3.نهج البلاغة : الكتاب ۵۳ .
4.Nahj al-Balagha, Letter ۵۳
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