العقل THE INTELLECT

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

يُؤْتِي الْحِكْمَةَ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَمَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً وَما يَذَّكَّرُ إلَّا أُوْلُوا الْألْبابِ) .۲

“He gives wisdom to whomever He wishes, and He who is given wisdom, is certainly given an abundant good. But none takes admonition except those who possess intellect.”۳

(وَقالُوا لَوْ كُنّا نَسْمَعُ أوْ نَعْقِلُ ما كُنّا فِي أصْحابِ السَّعِيرِ) .۴

“And they will say, ‘Had we listened or applied reason, we would not have been among the inmates of the Blaze.”۵

۴۳۵۸.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : قِوامُ المَرءِ عَقلُهُ ، ولا دِينَ لِمَن لا عَقلَ لَهُ .۶

۴۳۵۸.The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The very basis of man is his intellect, and the man devoid of intellect has no religion.’۷

۴۳۵۹.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : ما استَودَعَ اللَّهُ امرَأً عَقلاً إلّا استَنقَذَهُ بِهِ يَوماً ما .۸

۴۳۵۹.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah has only assigned man with an intellect so that it may one day deliver him.’۹

۴۳۶۰.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : العَقلُ أقوى‏ أساسٍ .۱۰

۴۳۶۰.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The intellect is the strongest foundation.’۱۱

۴۳۶۱.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : العَقلُ مُنَزِّهٌ عَنِ المُنكَرِ آمِرٌ بِالمَعروفِ .۱۲

۴۳۶۱.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The intellect is immune from wrong and commands good-doing.’۱۳

۴۳۶۲.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : العَقلُ مُصلِحُ كُلِّ أمرٍ .۱۴

۴۳۶۲.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The intellect sets right all matters.’۱۵

۴۳۶۳.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : العَقلُ رُقِيٌّ إلى‏ عِلِّيِّينَ .۱۶

۴۳۶۳.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The intellect is a ladder upwards towards the Illiyyun [the loftiest heavens].’۱۷

۴۳۶۴.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : العَقلُ رَسولُ الحَقِّ .۱۸

۴۳۶۴.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The intellect is the messenger of the truth.’۱۹

۴۳۶۵.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : إنَّ أغنَى الغِنَى العَقلُ .۲۰

۴۳۶۵.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Verily the most sufficient of riches is the intellect.’۲۱

۴۳۶۶.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : العَقلُ خَليلُ المَرءِ .۲۲

۴۳۶۶.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The intellect is the friend of the believer.’۲۳

۴۳۶۷.الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : لا مُصيبَةَ كَعَدَمِ العَقلِ .۲۴

۴۳۶۷.Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ‘There is no affliction worse than a lack of intellect.’۲۵

۴۳۶۸.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : إنَّ اللَّهَ جلَّ ثَناؤهُ خَلَقَ العَقلَ ، وهُوَ أوَّلُ خَلقٍ خَلَقَهُ مِنَ الرُّوحانيّينَ عَن يَمينِ العَرشِ مِن نورِهِ .۲۶

۴۳۶۸.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Verily Allah, exalted be His praise, created the intellect, and it is the very first thing He created amongst all the spiritual beings from the right hand side of His Throne out of His Light.’۲۷

۴۳۶۹.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : خَلَقَ اللَّهُ تَعالى‏ العَقلَ مِن أربَعَةِ أشياءَ : مِنَ العِلمِ ، والقُدرَةِ ، والنّورِ ، والمَشيئَةِ بِالأمرِ ، فجَعَلَهُ قائماً بِالعِلمِ ، دائماً في المَلَكوتِ .۲۸

۴۳۶۹.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Allah created the intellect out of four things: from knowledge, power, light and volition. Then He caused it to subsist through knowledge and be eternal in the divine Dominion.’۲۹

۴۳۷۰.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : لا غِنى‏ أخصَبُ مِنَ العَقلِ ، ولا فَقرَ أحَطُّ مِنَ الحُمقِ .۳۰

۴۳۷۰.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘There is no wealth more productive than the intellect and no poverty lower than stupidity.’۳۱

۴۳۷۱.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : لا مالَ أعوَدُ مِنَ العَقلِ .۳۲

۴۳۷۱.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘There is no wealth more profiting than the intellect.’۳۳

۴۳۷۲.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : العَقلُ دَليلُ المُؤمِنِ .۳۴

۴۳۷۲.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘The intellect is the guide of the believer.’۳۵

۴۳۷۳.الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام - في وَصِيَّتِهِ لِهِشامِ ابنِ الحَكَمِ - : يا هِشامُ ، ما قُسِّمَ بَينَ العِبادِ أفضَلُ مِنَ العَقلِ ؛ نَومُ العاقِلِ أفضَلُ مِن سَهَرِ الجاهِلِ ، وما بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً إلّا عاقِلاً حَتّى‏ يَكونَ عَقلُهُ أفضَلَ مِن جَميعِ جَهدِ المُجتَهِدينَ ، وما أدَّى العَبدُ فَريضَةً مِن فَرائضِ اللَّهِ حَتّى‏ عَقَلَ عَنهُ .۳۶

۴۳۷۳. Imam al-Kazim (AS), in his advice to Hisham b. al-Hakam, said, ‘O Hisham, nothing has been bestowed upon the servants better than the intellect. The sleep of a man of intellect is better than the night vigil of an ignorant man. Every single prophet that Allah has sent down has been a man of intellect, whose intellect supercedes the labour of all diligent workers. The servant is not considered as having fulfilled an obligatory act from among the acts made incumbent by Allah until he understands it.’۳۷

۴۳۷۴.الإمامُ الرِّضا عليه السلام : صَديقُ كُلِّ امرِئٍ عَقلُهُ وعَدُوُّهُ جَهلُهُ .۳۸

۴۳۷۴.Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ‘The friend of every man is his intellect and his enemy is his ignorance.’۳۹

رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله - لِقَومٍ أثنَوا عَلى رَجُلٍ - : كَيفَ عَقلُ الرَّجُلِ ؟ قالوا : يا رَسولَ‏اللَّهِ ، نُخبِرُكَ عَنِ اجتِهادِهِ في العِبادَةِ وأصنافِ الخَيرِ ، وتَسألُنا عَن عَقلِهِ ؟ ! فقالَ : إنَّ الأحمَقَ يُصيبُ بِحُمقِهِ أعظَمَ مِن فُجورِ الفاجِرِ، وإنَّما يَرتَفِعُ العِبادُ غَداً في الدَّرَجاتِ ويَنالونَ الزُّلفى‏ مِن رَبِّهِم عَلى‏ قَدرِ عُقولِهِم .۱

۴۳۷۵. The Prophet (SAWA) asked a group of people who were praising a man, ‘How is the man’s intellect?’ to which they replied, ‘O Prophet of Allah, we are telling you about his endeavours at worship and other good acts, and you are asking us about his intellect?!’ So he replied, ‘Verily the stupid person suffers as a result of his stupidity worse than the licentiousness of an immoral person. The servants will rise up in rank in the Hereafter and will receive great proximity towards their Lord in proportion to their intellects.’۲

۴۳۷۶.رسولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّه عليه وآله : إنَّما يُدرَكُ الخَيرُ كُلُّهُ بِالعَقلِ ، ولا دِينَ لِمَن لا عَقلَ لَهُ .۳

۴۳۷۶.The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Verily all good is grasped through the intellect, and the man devoid of intellect has no religion.’۴

۴۳۷۷.الإمامُ الحسنُ عليه السلام : بِالعَقلِ تُدرَكُ الدّارانِ جَميعاً ، ومَن حُرِمَ مِنَ العَقلِ‏۵ حُرِمَهُما جَميعاً .۶

۴۳۷۷.Imam al-Hasan (AS) said, ‘Both the abodes [of the world and the Hereafter] are grasped by the intellect, and whoever is deprived of the intellect is deprived of them both.’۷

۴۳۷۸.الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : لَمّا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ العَقلَ قالَ لَهُ : أقبِلْ فَأقبَلَ ، ثُمَّ قالَ لَهُ : أدبِرْ فَأدبَرَ ، فقالَ : وعِزَّتي وجَلالي ما خَلَقتُ خَلقاً أحسَنَ مِنكَ‏۸ ، إيّاكَ آمُرُ وإيّاكَ أنهى‏ ، وإيّاكَ اُثيبُ وإيّاكَ اُعاقِبُ .۹

۴۳۷۸.Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ‘When Allah created the intellect He said to it, ‘Come forward’ so it came forward, then commanded it, ‘Go back’ and it went back. Then He said to it, ‘By my Honour and Exaltedness, I have not created anything better than you. It is you that I command, and you that I prohibit from things, and you that I punish and you that I reward.’۱۰

۴۳۷۹.الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام - مِمّا اُوحِيَ إلى‏ موسى‏ عليه السلام - : أنا اُؤاخِذُ عِبادي عَلى‏ قَدرِ ما أعطَيتُهُم مِنَ العَقلِ .۱۱

۴۳۷۹. Imam al-Baqir (AS) narrated, ‘Among what was revealed to Moses (AS) was, ‘I take My servants to account according to the level of intellect that I have given them.’۱۲

۴۳۸۰.الإمامُ الباقرُ عليه السلام : وَجَدتُ في الكِتابِ [ يَعني كِتاباً لِعَلِيٍّ عليه السلام ] أنَّ قيمَةَ كُلِّ امرِئٍ وقَدرَهُ مَعرِفَتُهُ ، إنَّ اللَّهَ تَبارَكَ وتَعالى‏ يُحاسِبُ النّاسَ عَلى‏ قَدرِ ما آتاهُم مِنَ العُقولِ في دارِ الدّنيا .۱۳

۴۳۸۰.Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ‘I found written in the Book [i.e. the Book ascribed to Imam Ali (AS)] that the worth and value of every man is his knowledge. Verily Allah, Blessed and most High, will take people to account according to the intellects that He has given them in this world’s life.’۱۴

۴۳۸۱.الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام : مَن أرادَ الغِنى‏ بِلا مالٍ ، وراحَةَ القَلبِ مِنَ الحَسَدِ ، والسَّلامَةَ في الدِّينِ ، فَلْيَتَضَرَّعْ إلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّوجلَّ في مَسألَتِهِ بِأن يُكمِلَ عَقلَهُ .۱۵

۴۳۸۱.Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, ‘He who wants wealth without the need for riches, and comfort of the heart free from jealousy, and security in his faith should implore Allah, Mighty and Exalted, in his plea for Him to perfect his intellect.’۱۶

.الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام : إنَّ للَّهِ‏ِ عَلَى النّاسِ حُجَّتَينِ : حُجَّةً ظاهِرَةً ، وحُجَّةً باطِنَةً ، فأمّا الظّاهِرَةُ فَالرُّسُلُ والأنبِياءُ والأئمَّةُ عليهم السلام ، وأمّا الباطِنَةُ فَالعُقولُ .۱

۴۳۸۲.Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, ‘Verily Allah has two authoritative proofs over people: a manifest proof and an inward proof. The manifest proof is represented by the prophets and messengers and Imams (AS), and the inward proof is represented by the intellects.’۲

۴۳۸۳.الإمامُ الكاظمُ عليه السلام - في وَصِيَّتِهِ لِهِشامِ بنِ الحَكَمِ - : ما بَعَثَ اللَّهُ أنبِياءَهُ ورُسُلَهُ إلى‏ عِبادِهِ إلّا لِيَعقِلوا عَنِ اللَّهِ ، فأحسَنُهُمُ استِجابَةً أحسَنُهُم مَعرِفَةً ، وأعلَمُهُم بِأمرِ اللَّهِ أحسَنُهُم عَقلاً ، وأكمَلُهُم عَقلاً أرفَعُهُم دَرَجَةً في الدّنيا والآخِرَةِ .۳

۴۳۸۳. Imam al-Kazim (AS) in his advice to Hisham b. al-Hakam, said, ‘Allah has only sent His prophets and messengers to His servants in order that they may come to an understanding of Allah, so the ones who best heed their call are those who have the best inner knowledge, and the ones who know Allah’s command the best are those that have the best intellects, and those that have the most perfect intellects will be the ones with the highest status in this world and in the Hereafter.’۴

۴۴۰۰.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : العَقلُ غَريزَةٌ تَزيدُ بِالعِلمِ والتَّجارِبِ .۱

۴۴۰۰.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The intellect is an intrinsic thing that increases with knowledge and experiences.’۲

۴۴۰۱.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : بِتَركِ ما لا يَعنيكَ يَتِمُّ لَكَ العَقلُ .۳

۴۴۰۱.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘By abandoning that which does not concern you, your intellect will be completed.’۴

۴۴۰۲.الإمامُ الحسينُ عليه السلام - لَمّا تَذاكَروا العَقلَ عِندَ مُعاوِيَةَ - : لا يَكمُلُ العَقلُ إلّا بِاتِّباعِ الحَقِّ ، فقالَ مُعاوِيَةُ : ما في صُدورِكُم إلّا شَي‏ءٌ واحِدٌ .۵

۴۴۰۲. Imam al-Husayn (AS), when he reminded Muawiya of [the use of] his intellect, said, ‘The intellect is only perfected through following the truth’, to which Muawiya replied, ‘There is only one thing in your chests [i.e. you attribute everything to the truth].’۶

۴۴۰۳.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : كَثرَةُ النَّظَرِ في العِلمِ يَفتَحُ العَقلَ .۷

۴۴۰۳.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Frequent study of matters of knowledge opens the intellect.’۸

۴۴۰۴.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : كَثرَةُ النَّظَرِ في الحِكمَةِ تَلقَحُ العَقلَ .۹

۴۴۰۴.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Frequent study of matters of wisdom fertilizes the intellect.’۱۰

۴۴۰۵.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : كَمالُ العَقلِ في ثَلاثَةٍ : التَّواضُعِ للَّهِ‏ِ، وحُسنِ اليَقينِ، والصَّمتِ إلّا مِن خَيرٍ.۱۱

۴۴۰۵.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘The perfection of the intellect lies in three things: humility before Allah, strong conviction, and silence except when speaking good.’۱۲

.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : الهَوى‏ عَدُوُّ العَقلِ .۱

۴۴۳۱.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The caprice is the intellect’s adversary.’۲

۴۴۳۲.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : كَم مِن عَقلٍ أسيرٍ تَحتَ هَوى‏ أميرٍ !۳

۴۴۳۲.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Many a slavish mind is subservient to an overpowering caprice!’۴

۴۴۳۳.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام: فَرَضَ اللَّهُ... تَركَ شُربِ الخَمرِ تَحصيناً لِلعَقلِ .۵

۴۴۳۳.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah has made obligatory…the abandonment of drinking alcohol in order to safeguard the intellect.’۶

۴۴۳۴.الإمامُ عليٌّ عليه السلام : اِعلَموا أنَّ الأمَلَ يُسهي العَقلَ ، ويُنسي الذِّكرَ .۷

۴۴۳۴.Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Know that entertaining high hopes distracts the intellect and causes one to forget their remembrance [of Allah].’۸

۴۴۳۵.الإمامُ الصّادقُ عليه السلام : الهَوى‏ يَقظانٌ والعَقلُ نائمٌ .۹

۴۴۳۵.Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘The caprice is awake while the intellect is asleep.’۱۰


http://www.hadith.net/en/post/33645/the-scale-of-wisdom-a-compendium-of-shia-hadith/p1337/